All welded high-pressure water tube boiler



Nov. 28, 1944. wo 2,363,718

ALL WELDED HIGH PRESSURE WATER TUBE BOILER Filed May 1, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR., 24 g 2% /EMNMV/OLTEE A TTO/?NEKS Patented Nov. 28 ,j '1944 *UNITED ISTATES e QO i --AIlL'WELDED'HIGH-PRESSURE WATER,"

` BOILER An 'object of myinvention is to provide Lan all welded` high pressure water tubeboiler in 'which tion of scale in the boiler' tubes is practically\ eliminated.` This is accomplished byether disposing the boiler tubes ina vertical or an inclined position and moving water rapidly through the tubes so that any -sediment will gravitate' to the lower 'headers and from these-pass into mud drums that are disposedbelow the lower headers and exterior of the boiler-wall.

Still a` further object ;of 'my invention is to provide `a boiler of the type described' in which an` explosionis practically impossible to take place. The boiler is adapted for 'use in automobiles,

trucks, busses, motor boats, or any vehicle, and

it canalso be useddn'mobile or stationary plants.

Other objects` and advantages will appear in the *following specification, and *the nov'erfeat-ures `ofthe `'device -will' be particularly pointed 'out in the appended claims. i

J My invention is illustrated `in the 'accompany ing drawings forming- `a part -of 'this' application, `-inwlric-h Figure `1 is a `rear `elevatior of the boiler with the rear boiler wall removed; i

Figura 2 is a top plan View of the `boiler with the topboiler wall removed; i

V Figure 3 is` a `longitudinal section taken along the line' 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure i is a longitudinal section ofthe water =pump connections s and is taken `substantially along the 1ine`4--4 of Figure 1; 'Figura 5 is a section taken substantially'along the 1ine5-5 of Figura 2; and i f -figure* 6 `is a Vertical section'through`a"modi `fied fornr ofthedevice. 3 i

While I have shown only'the .preferred ,forms of my` invention, it should be understood that various changes or -mo'difications may ;be made within theyscope ofithefappended claims without {departing from; the' spirit of the invention.` i *In carrying'outmy'invention'I provide a steam boiler that :has side walls 1` and; 2, front and rear wails 3 and 4,a bottom wall 5, and a top wall; `not` shown. "Thewallsmay be formed of any desired material that has a high refractory and insulating o ua`lity.` Along the side Wall, and adjacent to-:thebottom wa1l"5, I dispose a lower orbottom header A, see Figure 1. Both Figuresl and 3 illustrat'e the lower header `A connected to an upperor top header B ?by a plurality of vertical tubes C. Thervertical tubeS'C are of uniform diameter 'throughout their height and have conical ends`^6 and'l that arewelded to and communicate headers' together as indicated in` Figures 1, 2 and i 5. i A like number -of vertical tubes C and C -are arranged cri-opposite sides of thejboiler. Figures 1; 2 and 3 indicate thatthe tubes C and C lying inthe same transverse planes form pairs of tubes and each pair of tubes is interconnectedby two groups of inclined boiler tubes, these two groups being 'indicatedat D and E in the samefigures. The tubes, in group D have their lower inlet ends 8 cominunicat'irg `with the vertical tube C and their higher outlet ends -s communicating with the Vertical tube C The opposite is true of the tubes in 'group E for they have their lower inlet ends +0 communicating with 'the vertical tube`C and their higher -outlet` ends ll communicating with the'vert'ical tube C.

and E; This is clearly illustrated in Figure s `1,"2 and 3. The upper ends 9 and ll of the inclined tube groups D and aredisposed' well belowthe 'water level 12 in the vertical tubes C and C so that 'the inclinedtubes will be filled with water `at all times. j If the boiler is used in a Vehicle that -climbs a steep grade,` suchas `an i automobile, the height of Waterin the vertical: tubes C and CI is such that regardless of the angular tilt of the entire' boi-ler, both' sets of inclinedtubes'will remain filled with water. i

1 *The means for `feeding water to the headers,

vertical tubes, and inclined tubes is shown in' Fig "ures 1, 2; 3 'and 5." Figurez shows the feedwater `'pipe 13 coinmunicating with a check valve {14.

A T or Y 15 placesthe valve Min communication .with two watenpreheater coils F and F?. The i water 'preheater coi'ls are 'arran'ged near the top of the boiler, see Figure 1. The coils F and 1 communicate with vertically extended water legs or pipes G and G and the latter are disposed at the front of the boiler and communicate with the front ends of the lower headers A and A In this Way preheated water is delivered to the lower headers. Th pipes G and G have nozzles at the points where the heated water enters the lower headers. The entrance of the water through the nozzles causes the water to circulate in the lower headers in a manner mor com-' pletely described hereinafter. v

A burner, not shown, heats the water in the headers, Vertical tubes, inclined tubes and water circulating tubes K and K hreinafter'described. The burner is preferably of the atomizing blower type and is disposed at the front end of the boiler although it maybe disposed at the rear if desired. steam is generated in the inclined tubes and in the vertical tubes the steam rising` above 'lead from the top headers to a centrally disposed steam drum IS. The drum is placed above the r inclined steam generating pipes in a hot portion ofthe boiler, but not in too hot a portion. An

outlet ppe l'l delivers semi-superheated steam at the proper temperature from the drum for efiicient operation of any steam driven unit, not shown. By placing the 'drum [6 at the position shown in Figure 1, I eliminate the usual troubles experienced with superheaters Where they are placed too close to thehottest part of the boiler.

I have found that steam is generated more rapidly if the water in the boiler is kept circulat ing. The inclined steam generator tubes D and E cause the water to circulate because the steam will quickly rise to the top of tubes and the difference in weight between hot and cold water Will cause awater flow from the lower to the upper ends of the inclined tubes. A turbulence in the water is created by the cross flows of water in the oppositely inclined groups or set of tubes, both groups communicating with the same pair of vertical tubes. V Each pair of tubes with its two groups of oppositely inclined tubes act as an individual circulating boiler. This arrangement also results in a movement of` the water from side to side of the boiler where it will be more rapidly heated as it moves across the center of the boiler r or fire chamber.

To further the movementof water, I provide a water circulating pump I 8, see Figures' 1, 2 and 4. Pipes J and J see Figure 2, communicate with the rear ends of the lower headers A and A and convey water to the pump 18, the water pass.- ing through a check valve !9, see Figure 4. The pump forces the water through two water coils K and K see Figure 1,-wherethe temperature of the water vis raised, and then the water is delivered to .the front ends of the lower headers at 20 where nozzles (not shown) are provided for forcing the water in the lower headers toward the rear of` the boilerp .The feed water jets and the `jets at theplaces 20. face inthe same direction so that the fiow of water from both jets will aid, each other. The pressure of the water on both sides of the pump is the same sothat little power is needed to circulate the water. The pump !8 is shown inside the boiler although in actual practice it will be disposed outside of the boiler.

The pump accelerates the water circulation in addition to the flow of water from onevertical tube of a pair through the inclined tubes to the i water from the' rear ends of the lower headers and forcing it through coils to the front ends of the same headers. The fresh water entrance into the front ends of the lower headers helps the flow. The pressure of theincoming water is greater than the pressure in the boiler.

Since all of the tubes are either vertical or inclined, and since the water flows rapidly through t the tubes, scale formation on the tubes is eliminated. Mud drums Land L are provided below the lower headers A and A and pipes 2! place them in communication with the headers so that i any sediment will fall into the lower headers and thence into the mud drums. The mud drums are disposed outside of the boiler walls and are provided with blow off valves 22, see Figure 3. The blow off valvespermit sediment to be blown out of the mud drums fromfltime to time. 'I'hey are merely opened and the boiler pressure is sunicient to effect a cleaning of all sediment from the mud drums. y

All of the tubes are preferably made of seamless drawn tubingtof a 'metal such as nichrome that is able to withstand high temperatures, ex-` treme pressu'es and will resist corrosion. The

inclined steam generating tubes D and E are` always filled with water so as to prevent any trouble from expansion and contraction. The water level is high enough above the inclined tubes that an angular tilting of the boiler is possible and still the tubes will remain filled. This adapts the boiler for use in automobiles and other `vehicles that are required to climb steep grades i The tilting of the boiler due to the vehicle climbing a steep grade will still keep the inclined 'tubes filled with water. Where the boiler height is immaterial; more inclined pipes can be used. e

' The tubes C, 0 D and E, and all of the other tubes and pipes are enclosedwithin a fire chamber which comprises the walls of the boiler.- These'walls have a high refractory and insulating quality. Practicallyuall of the heat ,units fromthe burner flame are absorbed by the boiler tubes and water 'to generate steam. The size of,

in any kind of a vehicle, or it can` be used in a mobile or stationary plant.

In Figure 6, a sectional type boiler is illustrated, ThlS boiler is identical in operation to the :form

'shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive. The lower headers X are made up of tubular sections* 23 with soft copper gaskets disposed between the sections. In like manner the upper headers Y are made up of tubular sections 25 With soft copper gaskets 26 disposed therebetween. Te rods 2.7 hold the lower sections 23 together and tie rods i 28 secure the upper sections together. ;Vertical tubes Z extend between the sections 23 and 25 and are welded to these sections at 29' and` 30. Except for the sectional feature, theboiler of Figure 6 is the same as the boiler already described and therefore no further description need be given except for the 'connections for the feed and circulating water to the lower headers of the sectional boiler shown in Figure 6. The first or second section of each end of ,the lower headers will have T or Y connections with the feed water legs G and G and the water circulating and heating coils K and K p 'From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, the operation may b-e readily understood. The feed water enters the boiler from` pipe 13 under sufficient pressure to overcome the boiler pressure. The check valve M prevents any back flow. The feed water is heated in the water pre-heating coils F and F and then flows down the water legs G and G entering the forward ends of the lower headers A and A through jets, not shown. The water is rapidly circulated in the boiler tubes due to the inclined tubes D and E.` The circulation of the water is also mechanically accomplished by the pump 18 that draws water from the rear ends of the lower headers and forces it through the lower heating coils K and K before sending it back into the front ends of the lower headers.

i sediment* falls to the mud drums L and L where it is blown out from` time to time. Where height is not a dominant factor, it is possible to add more inclined tubes and thus give greater heating sur-` face for the water and produce greater efiiciency. The boiler is of the 'high pressure type and can operate on a steam pressure upto one thousand pounds. If superheated steam is desired, the steam outlet pipe IT or another pipe can be led from the steam drum down into the fire chamber where the burner flame will raise the temperature of the steam to the desired extent.

I claim: i i

1. A steam boiler comprising a fire chamber,

lower and upper headers disposed on each side of l generating tubes interconnecting each pair of transversely opposed vertical tubes, one set of the inclined tubes being inclined oppositely to the other set connected to the same pair of vertical i tubes, whereby a transverse flow of water from the vertical tubes on one side to those on the other side takes place through the inclined tubes, means for delivering feed water to the lower headers under suflicient pressure to oifset the pressure in the boiler, a steam drum connected to the upper 'headers for receiving steam generated by the vertical and inclined tubes, and means for' circulating the water in the lower headers including a pump communicating with an end of each lower header for drawing water therefrom, and water heating coils for receiving the water from the Water jets at` ,the points 20 feed the heated water into the lower pump and for delivering the water to the other ends of the lower headers for completing the` `circuit. i

2. A steam boiler comprising a fire 'chamber, lowerand upper headers disposed on each side 'of the fire chamber, a plurality of vertical steam generating tubes disposed on both sides of the fire named side, the vertical tubes 'on opposite sides being arranged in pairs, two setsof inclined steam generating tubes interconnecting each pair -of transversely opposed Vertical tubes, one set of the inclined tubes being inclined oppositely to the other set connected to the same pair of vertical tubes, whereby a` transverse flow of water from the `verticalgtubes on oneside to those on the other side takes place through the inclined tubes,

t means for delivering feed` water to the lower headers under sufficient'pressure to offset the generated by the vertical and inclined tubes, said feed water deliverymeans including pre-heating coils that connect with the lower headers for preheating the feed water before it reaches the lower headers, said means also delivering the feed water into the lower headers so that the water in the` headers will be caused to flow along the lengths of the headers, thus` aiding circulzating the water in the boiler, and auxiliary means for circulating` the water in the lower headers including a pump communicating with an end of each lower header disposed opposite to the feed water entrance to the headers for drawing water therefrom, and water heating coils for receiving the water from the pump and for delivering the water to the other ends of the lower headers in a direction to be aided by the flow of feed water into the headers, whereby the crculation of water in the boiler is further aided. e i

3. A steam boiler comprising a fire chamber, lower and upper headers disposed on opposite sides of "the fire chamber a plurality of vertical steam generating tubes connecting the lower header on one side of the fire chamber with the upper header on the same side, a like number of vertical tubes connecting the lower header on i the opposite side of the fire chamber with the upper header on the same side, each vertical tube on one side being disposed transversely opposite from a similarly positioned tube on the opposite will have inclined tubes extending in opposite di.-

rections, means for feeding water to the lower headers, a 'steam drum connected tothe upper headers and being disposed above the sets of op-` positely inclined tubes, and a pump for circulating t the water in the lower headers independent of any water circulation resulting from. the feed water entering the lower headers.

HERMAN M. Woman 

